Cochrane review

Cochrane reviews are systematic reviews produced and maintained by Cochrane (formerly the Cochrane Collaboration), an international non-profit network. They are widely regarded as a gold standard for evidence synthesis due to strict methodology, mandatory protocol registration, dual independent screening, application of the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and use of GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) to rate certainty of evidence. Cannabis-relevant Cochrane reviews include Smith et al. 2015 on cannabinoids for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV); Mücke et al. 2018 on cannabis-based medicines for chronic neuropathic pain in adults; Stockings et al. 2018 (allied review) on cannabinoids in epilepsy; and Torres-Moreno et al. 2018 on cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis. These reviews generally report low to moderate certainty of effect, reflecting small sample sizes, blinding concerns, and heterogeneity, and they inform the conclusions of the 2017 NASEM report. → See also: Systematic review, Meta-analysis.