Regular seeds

Regular seeds are cannabis achenes produced by conventional sexual reproduction between a genetically male (XY) and a genetically female (XX) plant, yielding progeny with an approximately 1:1 sex ratio (Small 2015; Moliterni et al. 2004). Regular-seed stocks are preferred in breeding programs because they preserve full genetic diversity — including rare recessive alleles — and allow breeders to select and maintain exceptional male pollen donors, whereas feminized populations collapse genetic variance by forcing XX × XX crosses (Small 2015; Kurtz et al. 2020). Because approximately half of a regular-seed planting must be culled when sinsemilla flowers are the target, regular seeds are now a minority of the commercial flower market but remain standard in dioecious fiber and grain hemp production. Etymology: Latin regula ("rule") — seeds reproduced by the normal sexual rule. Synonyms: standard seed, dioecious seed, non-feminized seed, open-pollinated seed. → See also: Seed, Male plant, Female plant, Pollination.